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Investigation: Foreign NGOs, Fintech Firms linked to Terrorism Financing!

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The Federal Government has said that foreign Non-Governmental Organisations, banks, financial technology firms and Point of Sale terminal operators have been linked to terrorism financing in the country.

It identified the affected NGOs to include those operating in terror-prone areas and engaged in humanitarian activities, service provision and faith-based activities.

These were contained in the 2022 National Inherent Risk Assessment of Terrorism Financing in Nigeria report. The report assessed the level of terrorism financing risks the nation was exposed to.

According to the report, investigations by security agencies have revealed constant interactions between the use of cash by terrorist actors and financial institutions, bureau de change, fintech firms and Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions.

Following the outbreak of insurgency in the North-East, many foreign Not-for-Profit Organisations commenced operations in the country but the assessment report said many of them had been indicted for TF.

The assessment, obtained by our correspondent on Monday, relied on data from intelligence, security, law enforcement agencies, Central Bank of Nigeria, Department of State Services, Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, Nigeria Financial Intelligence Unit and various regulatory and supervisory agencies.

Other contributors to the report include the Corporate Affairs Commission, Defence Intelligence Agency, Federal Ministry of Justice, Nigerian Army Intelligence Corps, Nigeria Customs Service, Nigerian Extractive Industries Initiative, Nigeria Immigration Service, Nigeria Police Force, Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps, Office of the National Security Adviser and the Special Control Unit Against Money Laundering.

It said investigations indicated that current accounts products associated with BDCs and NGOs corporate customers were observed to be connected with terrorism financing activities.

The government observed that the abuse of the nation’s financial system includes movement of large sums of cash in high risk locations, use of illegal forex dealers to perform currency exchange and the use of multiple vendors by NGOs.

Overall, the report concluded that the inherent TF risk of NGOs in Nigeria is rated as high.

The assessment stated, “The findings of this report indicate that TF in Nigeria is generally associated with the use of cash. This notwithstanding, field information flowing from law enforcement investigation as well as financial data have revealed constant interactions between the use of cash by terrorist actors and financial institutions, Bureau de Change, fintech firms and Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions.

‘’The inherent vulnerabilities of each sector were assessed by the extent to which products and services offered are found in domestic investigations or STRs in relation to TF. Current accounts products associated with Bureau De Change and NPOs/NGOs corporate customers have been observed to be connected with TF activities.

‘’The use of bank accounts in the movement of TF funds has featured prominently in both intelligence and investigations related to TF.

“Financial data have also shown that the illegal currency exchangers comingle transactions in their personal accounts as well as entity accounts held and controlled by them with that of their BDC activities.’’

Suspects maintain bank accounts

In a particular investigation, the FG disclosed that almost all the individuals profiled on suspicion of having links to TF, maintain at least one bank account.

It noted that illegal currency exchangers primarily conduct their financial transactions through bank accounts.

The report further affirmed that the number of individuals engaged in illegal currency exchange business is very high as revealed by a recent TF investigation involving a large number of exchangers.

This, it said, has been brought to the attention of regulators and law enforcement agencies, adding that ‘’transactions through agent banking products, mainly Point of Sale payments and ATM payments have also been linked to TF.’’

The government noted that a larger percentage of transactions linked to terrorist financing were initially carried out in cash which were sourced from both legitimate and illegitimate activities.

‘’However, cash collected is usually placed into the financial system directly through bank deposits and indirectly through POS transactions and transactions with DNFBPs,’’ it said.

19 firms indicted

Investigations by security agencies had also indicted 19 firms linked with illegal money exchangers considered to be connected to terrorism financing.

The report added, ‘’Illegal money exchangers have been featured in several TF investigations. Within a three-year period beginning from 2019, about 19 companies linked to these illegal money exchangers have used their companies to comingle funds considered to be linked to TF.

‘’Illegal money exchangers are not under any form of regulations and as such, they implement any preventive measures. The activities of the illegal money exchangers provide a channel for moving illegally obtained funds for TF.’’

Though the government has strengthened the legal system with the enactment of the Terrorism (Prevention and Prohibition) Act, 2022 which expanded the terrorism-financing offences including a framework to implement Targeted Financing Sanctions against TF, the NIRA report admitted that terrorists regularly adapt how and where they raise and move funds and other assets to circumvent safeguards that jurisdictions have put in place to detect and disrupt their activity.

It explained that an understanding of TF risk would inform national counterterrorist financing strategies and assist in the effective implementation of a risk-based approach toward CFT measures.

In a bid to deepen financial inclusion, the report observed that the last two years had witnessed a tremendous increase in money transfers involving the use of POS linked to fintech firms, noting that the rising volume of transactions, however, raises concerns about the purpose of the cash transfer.

‘’For instance, in 2021 Nigeria recorded a total POS transaction of N6.43 trillion. These POS machines are issued by deposit money banks and Fintech firms. However, the narration of the transactions is obscured which raises concerns. Fintech POS conceals the identity of the sender of the funds at the recipient point, thereby posing vulnerability. More so, investigations have revealed that the POS operators have been used by kidnappers and their associates to move ransom collected from relatives of victims.

‘’In Nigeria, the banking sector, Virtual Asset Service Providers, Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions, Other Financial Institutions, insurance, NPOs and capital market sectors are the sectors that were assessed as being particularly vulnerable to TF,’’ the study further stated, stressing that the cross-border nature of TF can pose additional challenges for the identification of risk.

Arms trade donations

Apart from ransoms, the report noted that terrorist groups derived funds from arms trade, donations from sympathisers, trade in dried fish, proceeds from seized farms and livestock as well as human and drug trafficking, including sale of tramadol.

It further noted, ‘’For instance, two arrested Boko Haram kingpins who headed the tramadol trafficking ring had frequented the Zinder market in the Niger Republic for their nefarious activities. They specifically trafficked tramadol from Lagos, Nigeria to Libya, where they exchanged their drug consignment for weapons.

‘’The estimated annual revenue for the group during the period of the report cannot be ascertained due to insufficient data. However, from the record of law enforcement agencies, ransom payments to Boko Haram and its affiliates in the North-West by victims of kidnappings were estimated at about $19m within the reviewing period (2019 – 2021).’’

The NIRA report also said law enforcement sources showed that an estimate of N91m was raised by a few communities in one state in the North-West and presented to a terrorist group as protection fees in the last quarter of 2021 alone.

Between 2019 and 2021, another law enforcement source documented ransom payments including levies/taxies imposed on communities totalling N364m.’’

In 2019, the NFIU was said to have received a Suspicious Transaction Report involving an NGO that paid a total sum of N166m to a vendor company and its director.

The report added, ‘’In a period of one and half years, the company received total inflows of N99m from five different NGOs operating in the North-East. The Director of the company received the sum of N67m. The account of the vendor company was dormant for over 10 years. The account had no financial activity prior to the inflows.

‘’The account of the director was also dormant for five years. A profile of the directors of the company showed that they were in their thirties.’’

The government said in the last three years, 15,307 banditry and kidnapping attacks occurred, while 411 and 204 terrorist attacks were recorded in 2019 and 2021, respectively, resulting in the death of over 1.693 civilians.

‘’This no doubt affected the national economy as it has affected business and investment activities. A state like Borno has lost over $9.5bn in the last three years on the re-integration of Internally Displaced Persons.

“Investors avoid doing investments where money laundering/TF is significant, which ultimately can harm the FDI trends of the country. Accordingly, these threats have warded off foreign investors because most expatriates are being kidnapped, some killed in the last few years. The situation has worsened trade investment and contributed to reducing revenue inflows,’’ it concluded.

Experts react

Commenting on the development, a security expert, Jackson Ojo said “Terrorism financing has been going on for a very long time. But you see, in our country, whenever the high-profile personalities are involved, it is not against the law. However, if it is the low personalities that are involved in it, it is against the law.

“This present government does not have the willpower to fight any level of insecurity because most of their high-profile personalities are part of it. It starts with such arrests or investigations but it later closes or never heard of, which is why these illicit businesses continue to blossom in the country.”

Another expert, Hassan Stan-Labo said “The government has not been able to adequately handle the insecurity situation in the country due to its way of handling fundamental issues that concern ordinary man on the street. The election is approaching and the government is looking for all sorts of excuses to distract the public. Nigerians have lost hope in the government of the day.”

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EFCC grants ex-Delta gov, Okowa, bail over alleged N1.3trn fraud

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The Port Harcourt zonal command of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has granted administrative bail to Dr. Ifeanyi Okowa, a former governor of Delta State for alleged diversion of N1.3 trillion 13% derivation fund from the federation account between 2015 and 2023.

 

Society Reporters reports that Okowa was arrested on Monday, November 4, 2024, in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, when he reported at the Port Harcourt Directorate of the EFCC on the invitation of investigators handling his matter.

 

 

We reliably gathered that the former governor left the facility of the anti-graft agency at about 9 pm Wednesday night.

 

According to the source: “He left the facility at about 9 pm yesterday (Wednesday).

 

“Okowa is expected to return soon to provide documents and answer more questions before the matter will be charged to court”.

 

The former governor was alleged to have failed to render accounts of the 13% derivation funds as well as another N40 billion he allegedly claimed he used to acquire shares in UTM Floating Liquefied Natural Gas.

 

 

Specifically, Okowa allegedly bought shares worth N40 billion in one of the major banks in the country representing 8% equity to float the offshore LNG. The funds were alleged to be used for other purposes, including acquiring estates in Abuja and Asaba in Delta state.

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Ifechukwude Okonjo: Man convicted of theft in US emerges traditional ruler in Nigeria

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When Ifechukwude Okonjo emerged as the Obi of Ogwashi-Uku in Delta State in September 2019, there was no indication that he had been convicted of a crime in the US.

Ogwa-Uku is a community in Anaocha South Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria’s South-South.

Mr Okonjo succeeded his father, Chukuka Okonjo, a professor whose death was announced on 13 September 2019.

Findings by PREMIUM TIMES showed that he was crowned days after the death of his father.

Chukuka Okonjo the traditional ruler

Conviction in the US

According to court documents obtained by PREMIUM TIMES, Mr Okonjo was convicted of theft in April 1997 at the Circuit Court for Montgomery County, State of Maryland, in the US.

The court documents showed that his younger brother, Onyema Okonjo, was also convicted of a similar offence on 23 January 1998.

Charges, arraignment and trial

Mr Okonjo was first criminally indicted on 20 April 1995 and summoned to appear before a judge the following day.

After initially failing to make his appearance on 12 August 1995, he finally showed up at the court on 14 July of this same year.

He was initially charged with theft and conspiracy to commit the crime with his younger brother, Onyema.

Specifically, the first count charge indicated that Mr Okonjo stole “assorted computers and computer peripheral equipment, the property of Digital Equipment Corporation, having the value of $300 or greater” between 23 January 1995 and 24 March 1995 in Montgomery County, Maryland.

According to the court document, the offence violated Article 27, Section 342 of the Annotated Code of Maryland and was against the peace, government, and dignity of the US state.

He was released on bail on “personal recognisance” after paying a $2,500 bail bond.

Then unemployed and single, Mr Okonjo resided with his elder sister, Ngozi Okonjo, at 7004 West Greenvale Parkway, Chary Chase, MD 20815, in the US.

Ngozi Okonjo, now popularly known as Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, has been the director-general of the World Trade Organisation since March 2021.

At the time of the trial, Mr Okonjo was 30 and had lived in the US for nine years. He is now 57.

His brother, Onyema, was criminally indicted by the court on 18 October 1996, and a bench warrant was issued against him the same day.

By then, Onyema was 28 years old and married; he is now 55. He made his first court appearance on 14 November 1997.

His charge indicated that he committed the crime of theft and conspiracy between 28 October 1993 and 24 March 1995 in Montgomery County, Maryland.

According to the court documents, he claimed to be homeless at the time.

Like his brother, Onyema was released on bail on “personal recognisance.”

Mr Okonjo and Onyema were told that the condition of their release was that they should appear in court during sittings or their bail bond would be forfeited.

They were also told that failure to surrender themselves within 30 days after the bail forfeiture might cause them to be further charged, fined and/or imprisoned.

Sentencing

Mr Okonjo and Onyema, after their bail, separately failed to appear before the court on hearing and trial dates, forfeited their bail bonds and also “willfully” failed to surrender themselves within 30 days after the forfeiture, according to the court documents.

One of the documents indicated that Onyema left the US after being granted bail.

The court then separately charged and found Mr Okonjo and Onyema guilty of failing to surrender themselves within 30 days of their bail forfeiture.

Consequently, the court, on 29 April 1997, sentenced Mr Okonjo to six months imprisonment.

For the first count of theft of assorted computers worth $300, the court also sentenced Mr Okonjo to one-year imprisonment beginning from 4 April 1997, when the judgment was delivered.

The court documents did not indicate if the sentences were to run concurrently.

Similarly, the court, on 23 January 1998, sentenced Onyema to 57 days imprisonment.

It is unclear if Mr Okonjo and Onyema served their jail terms in the US or ran back to Nigeria, given that they had jumped bail before their conviction.

Honoured in Nigeria

In 2019, after their father’s death, Mr Okonjo and Onyema joined other princes in the contest for the traditional stool of the Ogwashi-Uku Community.

The community residents were unaware that the duo had been convicted of theft in the US.

After the contest, Mr Okonjo emerged as the community’s traditional ruler and was crowned days later.

He is now the Obi of Ogwashi-Uku, the highest traditional authority in the community.

Petition to the SSS

The conviction of Mr Okonjo and Onyema im the US became public knowledge after some community members obtained certified true copies of the court judgment.

Some members of the community subsequently petitioned the Delta State Government and the State Security Service (SSS) and accused Mr Okonjo of engaging in land grabbing, illegal arms dealings, harassment of indigenes, and formation of armed militia groups, among others.

The petition to the SSS, dated 4 October 2024 and addressed to the SSS director-general, was authored by F.O. Okolie, a law firm, on behalf of some community members.

The community members on whose authority the petition was authored included Chiedu Enwenwa, Hyacinth Okolie, Ellen Adigwe and Bruce Ugo Emordi.

In the petition, the community members claimed that Mr Okonjo, Onyema and others recruited some unnamed gunmen from South-east Nigeria into the community’s vigilante security outfit.

They alleged that the recruited gunmen were being used to forcefully take over people’s landed property and also to commit violent crimes such as kidnapping and murder.

They also claimed that the duo and others were using police operatives to intimidate community members, alleging that the issue had earlier been reported to the police authorities in Nigeria and that no action had been taken.

They expressed fear that, given the current tension, the community was on the verge of being thrown into war and a breakdown of law and order.

The community members, in the petition, appealed to the SSS to investigate all the community vigilante groups and palace guards as well as the alleged kidnap and murder of some indigenes of the community.

They also called for an investigation into Mr Okonjo’s alleged “illegitimate dealings in prohibited firearms” allegedly imported into the community by gunmen.

Palace speaks

On 31 October, a PREMIUM TIMES reporter contacted Ifeakanachukwu Emordi, Mr Okonjo’s palace secretary, to seek to speak with the traditional ruler about the allegations.

After dismissing Mr Okonjo’s conviction for theft as untrue, Mr Emordi promised to get the traditional ruler to speak with our reporter on the phone.

Minutes later, Onyema phoned our reporter and claimed, without evidence, that the petitioners were not representatives of Ogwashi-Uku.

Regarding the allegations of land grabbing, he claimed that all lands in Ogwashi-Uku are held in trust by the traditional ruler in accordance with the community’s traditions and customs.

“That’s our land tenure system. Obi doesn’t have to grab any land that is under his custody,” he said.

He said the SSS should be allowed to investigate the allegation of recruiting gunmen into the community’s vigilante groups and harassment of indigenes.

When quizzed about the conviction of the traditional ruler in the US, he responded, “We are not aware of that.”

Our reporter again requested to speak with the traditional ruler. Onyema promised to inform the traditional ruler and revert. But he did not get back to the reporter.

When contacted again on 6 November, nearly a week after, he claimed Mr Okonjo was busy and not available to speak on the issues.

Onyema said he might get another person to respond before the end of the week if the traditional ruler remained unavailable.

When our reporter informed him that court documents shows that he too was convicted in the US, Onyema retorted, “I can’t speak to all of these issues.”

“We will get back to you to try to clear the air as far as any of these issues are concerned,” he added.

Commission of enquiry

In response to the petition, the Delta State Government set up a commission of enquiry to investigate the allegations against the traditional ruler, particularly on land-related issues.

The commission is expected to begin a public hearing on Thursday and conclude it on 20 November 2024, according to an announcement from the Secretary to the commission, Gabriel Eze-Owenz, a lawyer.

SEE COURT DOCUMENT BELOW

DOCUMENT 1 

DOCUMENT 2

DOCUMENT 3 

 

SOURCE: PREMIUM TIMES

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OANDO WINS ‘DEAL OF THE YEAR’ AWARD AT AFRICA ENERGY WEEK 2024

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Oando Plc, Africa’s leading energy solutions provider listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NGX) and Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) is pleased to announce that the Company has emerged winner of the ‘Deal of the Year’ award at Africa Energy Week (AEW) 2024.

The Africa Energy Chamber (AEC), the organisers of the annual week-long oil and gas conference, hosted and recognised different stakeholders at a Gala and Award night held at the Cape Town International Conference Centre (CITCC), on Tuesday, 5 November, 2024.

In a category comprising other high-profile deals in the sector and across Africa, Oando won the award in recognition of the Company’s recently completed landmark $783 million acquisition of the Nigerian Agip Oil Company (NAOC) from the Italian Energy firm Eni on 22 August, 2024.

This acquisition, 10 years in the making since Oando’s initial entry into the ConocoPhillips/NAOC/NNPC Joint Venture (JV) in 2014 when the Company acquired ConocoPhillips Nigeria business, doubled the company’s stake in the JV to 40% and operator of the assets.

In receiving the award, the Company’s Group Chief Executive, Wale Tinubu, remarked “We are delighted and honoured to receive the ‘Deal of the Year’ award from Africa Energy Week. It’s been a remarkable year on many fronts. First, we marked our 30th anniversary as a business, then concluded our strategic plan to acquire our second IOC in a decade, Nigerian Agip Oil Company (NAOC) and step up to the role of operator.

“This award is more than just an accolade for a successful deal closure; it represents a public acknowledgement of the culmination of 30 years of grit, hard work, resilience, and sheer belief in our vision. It is a testament to my belief that with the #HumansOfOando, impossible is nothing. I’d like to thank the dream team, the #HumansOfOando, our financiers, and partners for their belief and role in making this award a reality.”

The acquisition is the culmination of a decade of preparation, strategic planning, and unwavering commitment to a vision of becoming Africa’s first indigenous International Oil Company.

It is a testament to the organisation’s 30-year journey spanning the entire energy value chain, with consistent and deliberate actions at each stage that have led to the advancement of indigenous participation in the industry.

The Deal of the Year award “recognises the most transformative and impactful deal in the energy sector – honouring excellence in negotiation, strategic alignment, innovation and collaboration – and celebrates deals that drive advancements in energy and economic growth.”

With this year’s AEW theme of “Invest in Africa Energies: Energy Growth Through an Enabling Environment”, the AEC, through the AEW Awards 2024, recognised other persons, International (IOCs) and National Oil Companies (NOCs) across the continent through awards in 10 categories.

 

Tinubu at the event also delivered a key note address with the topic, Transforming Africa’s Oil and Gas landscape through strategic Merger and Acqusition.

During the address he noted that indigenous companies contribute approximately 30% of the country’s crude oil production and hold around 40% of the total oil reserves. Additionally, they account for 60% of the country’s gas production and approximately 32% of gas reserves. This data underscores the growing significance of local players in the African oil and gas sector.

He also highlighted improvements in the business environment, citing the improved Ease of Doing Business driven by recent reforms that have attracted increased investments in energy. Tinubu pointed to the successful Implementation of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), which has established a regulatory framework that enhances transparency and boosts investor confidence.

Tinubu’s remarks included a call for enhanced collaboration among policymakers, investors, and oil and gas companies to foster the growth of indigenous firms through supportive regulations, financing access, and technology transfer. He urged stakeholders to focus on leveraging M&As to diversify and expand capabilities within the sector while emphasizing the need to strengthen Africa’s institutional and financing capacity for local firms.

As Oando continues on its growth trajectory, Tinubu’s insights served as a powerful reminder of the strategic importance of indigenous companies in Africa’s energy transformation and the collective effort required to drive sustainable development across the continent.

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